Following on from AdrianMM - referring to French "recours gracieux"
FHS Bridge gives "applocation to the same administrative authority to reconsider its decision"

Generally an avenue available within admin bodies and tribunals which can avoid the cost and formality of going to court

Application for review (TRIBUNAL) - ILO
https://www.ilo.org › tribunal › review › lang--en
An application for review must satisfy the formal requirements provided for in the Rules; the party applying for review should fill in a specific form available ...

US example:
What may I do if U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) denies my application for refugee status?

There is no appeal for a denial of an application for refugee status. However, USCIS may exercise our discretion to review a case if we receive a timely Request for Review (RFR) from the principal applicant (or a third party, if the principal applicant waives their rights to confidentiality). The request must include one or both of the following:

(1) A detailed explanation of a significant error made by the adjudicating officer; and/or
(2) New information that would merit a change in the decision.

Generally, USCIS will accept only ONE REQUEST that is postmarked or received by the appropriate Resettlement Support Center (RSC) at the designated filing location within 90 days from the date of the denial notice. You can find information about where to file under Where do I file my RFR? below.




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Note added at 5 hrs (2022-08-11 22:59:30 GMT)
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NOTE:
"Request" may be preferable to "application" for USA

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Note added at 18 hrs (2022-08-12 11:47:35 GMT)
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7 CFR § 400.95 - Time limitations for filing and responding to ...
https://www.law.cornell.edu › cfr › text
(a) A request for administrative review must be filed within 30 days of receipt of written notice of the adverse decision. A request for an administrative ...

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Note added at 18 hrs (2022-08-12 11:48:48 GMT)
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Review of a decision - Work and Income
https://www.workandincome.govt.nz › complaints › rev...
You need to ask for a review within 3 months of the decision being made. After that time a review will happen only if there's a very good reason for the ...

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Note added at 18 hrs (2022-08-12 11:50:17 GMT)
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How to File an Appeal - U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board
https://www.mspb.gov › appeals › appeals
Petition for Review Process — When to File. A petition for review must be filed within 35 days after the date of issuance of the initial decision or, if the ...