Rafael Clerge (asker) Sep 7, 2021:

Muchas gracias a todos.

François Tardif Sep 6, 2021:

Ah, y como en todos los casos donde no exista un equivalente directo, habría que perifrasear… p. ej., por “scab”, “costra fresca”, “costra incipiente”, “costra delgada”…
Por “crust(ing)”, podría ser “costra de varios días”, “costra vieja”, “costra espesa”…

François Tardif Sep 6, 2021:

A Rafael Idealmente, habría que preguntar al autor o autora del texto, pero en “my two cents worth”, en el caso de que ponen “scab” y “crust(ing)” separado en una lista como lo muestras, en este orden, yo entiendo que el autor quiso hacer una diferencia sutil de la siguiente manera: se le llama aquí a “scab” la primera etapa del proceso de la “costrarización” (yo sé, tal palabra no existe), es decir, empieza siendo un “scab” para después convertirse o no en “crust” o materia dura como el “scab” pero más espesa que puede eventualmente transformarse en “scar” o cicatriz permanente si la piel no se regenera normalmente.
Es la única diferencia que veo en caso de que no sean sinónimos. ¡Saludos!

Rafael Clerge (asker) Sep 6, 2021:

Skin symptoms that may occur along with scabs

Scabs may accompany other symptoms affecting the skin including:

- Bleeding or bruising
- Burning feeling
- Crusting <--------------------------
- Itchy skin
- Pain or soreness
- Pus or discharge
- Redness, warmth or swelling
- Thickening of the skin
- Tingling sensation
https://www.healthgrades.com/right-care/skin-hair-and-nails/...

Rafael Clerge (asker) Sep 6, 2021:

"Scabs are made from hardened blood on a wound, scabs are a crust. Crust is a more general term. all scabs are crust but all crust is not a scab. crust means an outer layer that has hardened.
example: bread has crust on the outside"
https://hinative.com/es-MX/questions/18613152

Rafael Clerge (asker) Sep 6, 2021:

I agree with you. Both terms mean the same. The question is why do they appear as follows?

Chickenpox symptoms
- Pink and red bumps
- Blisters
- Crusts
- Scabs
- Itching
- Fever

François Tardif Sep 5, 2021:

"crusts and scabs" sinónimos De acuerdo con Toni y Cristina. Esta duplicación (de dos sinónimos) es bastante común en inglés y, a menudo, un solo término bastará para traducirlos. “Costras” me parece adecuado aquí.
Me hace recordar el caso de la expresión “Terms and conditions” imperante en todo contrato y que se puede rendir simplemente por “condiciones”…

Cristina Zavala Sep 5, 2021:

Costra y postilla son sinónimos, al igual que "crusts and scabs".

https://www.ingles.com/comparar/postilla/costra
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/es/diccionario/ingles/scab

POSTILLA: https://es.mimi.hu/medicina/postilla.html
Costra de los granos o vesículas cuando éstos se secan.

http://diccionario.sensagent.com/Costra/es-es/
En medicina se denomina costra o postilla al tejido temporal, de color rojo o pardo, formado por las plaquetas, que cubre una herida y que sirve de barrera protectora para la dermis en regeneración.

https://dle.rae.es/postilla?m=form
1. f. costra (‖ cubierta o superficie endurecida).

Toni Castano Sep 5, 2021:

An interesting link https://www.realself.com/question/london-gb-difference-scab-...

What's the difference between scab and crust? Can hair grafts come off when there are crusts?
Answers
From board-certified DOCTORS and trusted MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS
Answer: Scabs and crusts
These terms are used interchangeably. The crusts form on wounds and is part of the healing process above the skin. If they are washed off immediately after surgery and not allowed to form as we do in our patients, there is no impact on healing; however if they are pulled off before they are ready to be normally shed by the body, then the grafts, which are almost always attached to the underside of the crusts, will be pulled out. We wrote a paper on this about 13 years ago, studying what happens when crusts are pulled out. We looked the what looked like grafts attached to the crusts and sent them off to a hospital labs (over 100 patients were tested) and the lab confirmed that the grafts were in-fact pulled out.

Toni Castano Sep 5, 2021:

@Rafael According to the link below with information from medical professionals, both terms mean the same in English. And in Spanish? I am not aware of any substantial difference between them ("costra" and "postilla"). Here in Spain we use both “costra” and “postilla” equally, being the first term rather of medical nature and the second, just my subjective feeling, used in children jargon. But there seems to be regional differences, even in Spain. So how about the huge American continent? No idea, the Latin American colleagues have the last word in this respect. what is the target country of your translation?