Glossary entry (derived from question below)
French term or phrase:
voltage faible d'anneau LED
English translation:
low LED-ring voltage
Added to glossary by
Tony M
Jul 24, 2020 10:20
3 yrs ago
46 viewers *
French term
France
FR/AR-EN, broad range of domains
Native in: English 
Works in: French to English, Arabic to English, Italian to English
voltage faible
French to English
Tech/Engineering
Electronics / Elect Eng
This is included amongst the electrical characteristics of an LED polymerising device. Unfortunately, the segments in this project are drawn from different parts of one or more guides, and I do not have the exact source documents.
However, it is clear that this quantity will appear in a table (along with other quantities such as 'output current', 'RMS value' or 'load current').
The obvious translation would be 'low voltage', but this is of course used in another context to classify voltage ('BV' etc.). I wanted to check whether this could perhaps mean 'no-load voltage'.
This is the best context I can give:
19 - 30 VDC
34 VDC ± 10 %
≤ 150 mA
Valeur efficace
8 mA ± 10 % à 100 mA - 10 % + 20 %
Caractéristiques d'entrée
50 ou 60 Hz
Caractéristiques de sortie
délivrée à la pièce à main
maximale délivrée à l'anneau LED
Ampérage de sortie pour un anneau LED standard
45 mA ± 5 mA
Voltage faible d'anneau LED
Courant maximal de court-circuit
1 AT (non accessible)
xxx
However, it is clear that this quantity will appear in a table (along with other quantities such as 'output current', 'RMS value' or 'load current').
The obvious translation would be 'low voltage', but this is of course used in another context to classify voltage ('BV' etc.). I wanted to check whether this could perhaps mean 'no-load voltage'.
This is the best context I can give:
19 - 30 VDC
34 VDC ± 10 %
≤ 150 mA
Valeur efficace
8 mA ± 10 % à 100 mA - 10 % + 20 %
Caractéristiques d'entrée
50 ou 60 Hz
Caractéristiques de sortie
délivrée à la pièce à main
maximale délivrée à l'anneau LED
Ampérage de sortie pour un anneau LED standard
45 mA ± 5 mA
Voltage faible d'anneau LED
Courant maximal de court-circuit
1 AT (non accessible)
xxx
Proposed translations
(English)
| 3 +3 | low LED-ring voltage |
Tony M
|
| 5 | Low voltage or SELV driven LED ring |
Johannes Gleim
|
Change log
Aug 5, 2020 14:35: Tony M Created KOG entry
Votes to reclassify question as PRO/non-PRO:
Non-PRO (1): TechLawDC
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Proposed translations
+3
43 mins
French term (edited):
voltage faible d'anneau LED
Selected
low LED-ring voltage
Oh dear, your source text is a bit of a mess!
First of all, no, I don't believe it could be 'no-load' voltage: in the first place, that would be technically illogical, because although we might use 'no-load voltage' in connection with some source of power (battery, generator, transofmer, PSU, UPS, etc.), it is a non-sense to apply it to something that consumes the power (= LEDs) — of course, it might apply to an electric motor if it were running with no mechanical load — but that is clearly not the context here.
What is tricky, really, is to try and guess WHY they are making this comment: LEDs inherently use quite low voltages, so why is it necessary to labour the point with a special mention? Are they trying to say that this hand-piece operates at low voltage (= safety) because it uses LEDs'? Or are they seeking to imply that the LEDs are wired in parallel (as seems to be the case), so the voltage across them is low (rather than the slightly higher voltage that might be used were they to be wired in series, say)?
So although I'm not in a great deal of doubt about the actual translation, I am left puzzling as to why they are actually saying this — which might have a bearing on the best way to render it...
It might, after all, be meant to be 'low-voltage LED ring' — or 'ring comprises low-voltage LEDs'; and do they mean 'inherently low voltage as they are LEDs', or rather 'special LEDs that are even lower voltage than usual'?
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day 1 hr (2020-07-25 12:01:45 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
I repeat, in the light of other comments: although I think that 'ring' used like this is slightly odd, and might reflect a rather quirky use of language by the writer, firstly, it wasn't part of your initial question, and secondly, there might well be a reason for the choice of this term, but there is no way of knowing without more context, and in particular, the details of the actual piece of equipment. Presumably Asker does have at least some of that information, and is therefore in a much better position than I to research that aspect further.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 12 days (2020-08-05 14:39:59 GMT) Post-grading
--------------------------------------------------
Let it also be noted in pssing that this use of 'voltage' in FR is decidely non-standard, since it would normally be 'tension' (or in certain instances 'potentiel')
All these little details may cast further doubt upon the credibility of the writer's FR and sow further doubt as to the actual intended meaning.
I suspect they probably mean that the 'ring' uses low-voltage LEDs — which is inherent in their technology, and hence no more than marketing hype. As I said before, all these reflections ultimately mean that the word order might need to be changed to suit.
First of all, no, I don't believe it could be 'no-load' voltage: in the first place, that would be technically illogical, because although we might use 'no-load voltage' in connection with some source of power (battery, generator, transofmer, PSU, UPS, etc.), it is a non-sense to apply it to something that consumes the power (= LEDs) — of course, it might apply to an electric motor if it were running with no mechanical load — but that is clearly not the context here.
What is tricky, really, is to try and guess WHY they are making this comment: LEDs inherently use quite low voltages, so why is it necessary to labour the point with a special mention? Are they trying to say that this hand-piece operates at low voltage (= safety) because it uses LEDs'? Or are they seeking to imply that the LEDs are wired in parallel (as seems to be the case), so the voltage across them is low (rather than the slightly higher voltage that might be used were they to be wired in series, say)?
So although I'm not in a great deal of doubt about the actual translation, I am left puzzling as to why they are actually saying this — which might have a bearing on the best way to render it...
It might, after all, be meant to be 'low-voltage LED ring' — or 'ring comprises low-voltage LEDs'; and do they mean 'inherently low voltage as they are LEDs', or rather 'special LEDs that are even lower voltage than usual'?
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day 1 hr (2020-07-25 12:01:45 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
I repeat, in the light of other comments: although I think that 'ring' used like this is slightly odd, and might reflect a rather quirky use of language by the writer, firstly, it wasn't part of your initial question, and secondly, there might well be a reason for the choice of this term, but there is no way of knowing without more context, and in particular, the details of the actual piece of equipment. Presumably Asker does have at least some of that information, and is therefore in a much better position than I to research that aspect further.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 12 days (2020-08-05 14:39:59 GMT) Post-grading
--------------------------------------------------
Let it also be noted in pssing that this use of 'voltage' in FR is decidely non-standard, since it would normally be 'tension' (or in certain instances 'potentiel')
All these little details may cast further doubt upon the credibility of the writer's FR and sow further doubt as to the actual intended meaning.
I suspect they probably mean that the 'ring' uses low-voltage LEDs — which is inherent in their technology, and hence no more than marketing hype. As I said before, all these reflections ultimately mean that the word order might need to be changed to suit.
Note from asker:
| Thank you so much, Tony. From the disparate segments I have, there is only one LED ring available, so I think the intended meaning is a lower-than-usual voltage that may be encountered during use of the device. |
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Clive Prestt
8 mins
|
|
Thanks, Clive!
|
|
| agree |
Bashiqa
: Sounds OK to me.
1 hr
|
|
Thanks, C!
|
|
| agree |
Kim Metzger
2 hrs
|
|
Thanks, Kim!
|
|
| neutral |
Johannes Gleim
: May be confused with open or closed loop of chained resistors'. In te discussion you admitted that the 'ring' is a bit weird. Why do you not look for any more appropriate term or for relevant references? // Please stop to allege copying. It isn't true!
8 hrs
|
|
That is nonsense, Johannes! There is nothing in my answer that could in any way be confused with resistors in any form,; in any case, you have completely copied my answer, which would therefore according to you be equally confusing!
|
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thanks as ever"
2 hrs
Johannes Gleim
Specializes in field
40 years Engineer, 20 years translations
Native in: German
Works in: English to German, German to English, French to German, and 6 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
165
Low voltage or SELV driven LED ring
Area Electrical and magnetic devices / Behaviour and use
IEV ref 151-15-03
en low voltage (1)
low tension (1)
LV (1) voltage having a value below a conventionally adopted limit
Note – For the distribution of AC electric power, the upper limit is generally accepted to be 1 000 V.
[SOURCE: 601-01-26 MOD]
fr basse tension (1) f
BT (1) f tension électrique de valeur inférieure à une limite adoptée par convention
Note – Dans la distribution d'énergie électrique AC, la limite supérieure généralement admise est de 1 000 V.
http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&iev...
Definition: a type of lighting by means of incandescent lamps at a voltage not exceeding a fixed limit, generally 40 to 50 V
Definition reference: IEV 45-50-45
Term: extra-low-voltage lighting
Term reference: IEV 45-50-45
Reliability: 3
Definition: éclairage réalisé au moyen de lampes à incandescence dont la tension ne doit pas dépasser une limite fixée par un règlement, en général 40 à 50 V
Definition reference: VEI 45-50-45
Term : éclairage à très basse tension
Term reference: VEI 45-50-45
Reliability: 3
https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/1369546/en-fr-la-mul
Definition: a secondary circuit which is so designed and protected that under normal and single fault conditions the voltage between any two accessible parts, or between one accessible part and the equipment protective earthing terminal for class I equipment, does not exceed a safe value
Term: safety extra-low voltage circuit
Term reference: ETSI/TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
Term: SELV circuit
Term reference: ETSI/TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
Definition: un circuit secondaire conçu et protégé de telle sorte que dans des conditions normales et d'erreur unique, la tension entre deux éléments accessibles, ou entre un élément accessible et le terminal de mise à la terre pour un équipement de classe I, n'excède pas une valeur de sécurité
Definition reference: TBR12,3
Term : circuit à tension de sécurité extra-basse
Term reference: TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
Abbrev.: SELV
Term reference: TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/1575352/en-fr-la-mul
Note: As LEDs normally operate at 3 V d.c. it should be a SELV circuit.
Miniature indicator LEDs are normally driven from low voltage DC via a current-limiting resistor. Currents of 2 mA, 10 mA and 20 mA are common. Sub-mA indicators may be made by driving ultrabright LEDs at very low current. Efficiency tends to reduce at low currents,[4] but indicators running on 100 μA are still practical.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_circuit
radii xpert Professional LED Curing Light
:
CHARGING DOCK
Operating voltage100 – 240 V – 50 / 60 Hz
Power input12 V DC
Classification [double square symbol] Class II - double insulated
:
HANDPIECE
Wavelength emission range: Standard curing attachment: 440 nm - 480 nm
(Note: no internal voltages indicated)
:
2. The Radii Xpert contains a lithium ion rechargeable battery that does not have any memory and can be recharged at any time.
https://www.henryschein-dental.de/images/ads/inca_Uploads/10...
(Note: handpiece accumulator is charged by 12 V d.c.)
Power supply |Contactless charging via lithium-polymer battery, capacity: approx. 20 min; charging time: approx. 2 h
Operating voltage | 4.5 VDC
Power supply (batteries incl.) | 3 x LR6 AA 1.5 VDC
file:///C:/Users/Gleim/AppData/Local/Temp/Bluephase+Style+Line.pdf
Here the LED ring is shown:
NEWTRON® SLIM B.LED blue LED ring F62201
NEWTRON® SLIM B.LED white LED ring F12915
(about 10 LEDs mounted into a circular ring)
Low voltage NEWTRON® LED handpiece autoclavable | F12607
https://www.acteongroup.com/fr/uploads/catalogs/catalog.pdf
(Note: I suppose connected in parallel rather than in series)
Confirmed by:
Generally a LED chip works in voltage/current range 2-4 V 20-200 mA, its UV irradiance is directly proportional to the amount of current passing through the device. If this amount of current is too high LED chip can be seriously damaged; to balance the current flow through LED chip (and so the light emission), constant-current drivers and PWM technology are used.
https://www.silap.com/en/spm/services/tecnologia-uv-led/
Now I can propose:
Voltage faible d'anneau LED
=>
Low voltage (SELV) driven LED ring
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 hrs (2020-07-24 13:10:46 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
or vice-versa:
low voltage (SELV) for LED ring.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 hrs (2020-07-24 19:19:16 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Further information about LEDs, manufacturing and curing:
Hewlett-Packard introduced the HP Model 5082-7000 Numeric Indicator, the first LED device to use integrated circuit (integrated LED circuit) technology
:
Flashing LEDs resemble standard LEDs but they contain an integrated voltage regulator and a multivibrator circuit that causes the LED to flash with a typical period of one second.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode
Power integrated circuit (IC) chips such as the Supertex HV9910B are widely used to drive the MOSFETs directly, without the need for additional circuitry.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material that is normally silicon. The integration of large numbers of tiny MOS transistors into a small chip results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete electronic components.
:
• Integrated circuits are composed of many overlapping layers, each defined by photolithography, and normally shown in different colors.
:
• The wafers are up to 300 mm in diameter (wider than a common dinner plate).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit#Manufacturi...
A superluminescent diode (SLED or SLD) is an edge-emitting semiconductor light source based on superluminescence. It combines the high power and brightness of laser diodes with the low coherence of conventional light-emitting diodes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superluminescent_diode
An 80W Chips on board (COB) LED module from an industrial light luminaire, thermally bonded to the heat sink
:
LED lamps are often made with arrays of surface mount LED modules (SMD modules) that replace incandescent or compact fluorescent lamps, mostly replacing incandescent lamps rated from 5 to 200 watts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_lamp
UV curing (ultraviolet curing) is the process by which ultraviolet light is used to initiate a photochemical reaction that generates a crosslinked network of polymers.[
:
Since development of the aluminium gallium nitride LED in the early 2000's, UV LED technology has seen sustained growth in the UV curing marketplace. Generating energy most efficiently in the 365-405 nm 'UVA' wavelengths, continued technological advances have allowed for improved electrical efficiency of UV LEDs as well as significant increases in output.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UV_curing#Types_of_UV_curing_l...
All these technologies are used to produce LEDs on disks or other substrate. I assume a multilayer wafer including LEDs, resistors and conductive layer. All LEDs are connected in parallel as this provides a lot of advantages to a chain of LEDs.
1) If an individual LED fails, all other continues to work,
2) serial connection would require additional embedded resistors as with fairy lights,
3) parallel connection requires less components and are cheaper.
IEV ref 151-15-03
en low voltage (1)
low tension (1)
LV (1) voltage having a value below a conventionally adopted limit
Note – For the distribution of AC electric power, the upper limit is generally accepted to be 1 000 V.
[SOURCE: 601-01-26 MOD]
fr basse tension (1) f
BT (1) f tension électrique de valeur inférieure à une limite adoptée par convention
Note – Dans la distribution d'énergie électrique AC, la limite supérieure généralement admise est de 1 000 V.
http://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&iev...
Definition: a type of lighting by means of incandescent lamps at a voltage not exceeding a fixed limit, generally 40 to 50 V
Definition reference: IEV 45-50-45
Term: extra-low-voltage lighting
Term reference: IEV 45-50-45
Reliability: 3
Definition: éclairage réalisé au moyen de lampes à incandescence dont la tension ne doit pas dépasser une limite fixée par un règlement, en général 40 à 50 V
Definition reference: VEI 45-50-45
Term : éclairage à très basse tension
Term reference: VEI 45-50-45
Reliability: 3
https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/1369546/en-fr-la-mul
Definition: a secondary circuit which is so designed and protected that under normal and single fault conditions the voltage between any two accessible parts, or between one accessible part and the equipment protective earthing terminal for class I equipment, does not exceed a safe value
Term: safety extra-low voltage circuit
Term reference: ETSI/TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
Term: SELV circuit
Term reference: ETSI/TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
Definition: un circuit secondaire conçu et protégé de telle sorte que dans des conditions normales et d'erreur unique, la tension entre deux éléments accessibles, ou entre un élément accessible et le terminal de mise à la terre pour un équipement de classe I, n'excède pas une valeur de sécurité
Definition reference: TBR12,3
Term : circuit à tension de sécurité extra-basse
Term reference: TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
Abbrev.: SELV
Term reference: TBR12,3
Reliability: 3
https://iate.europa.eu/entry/result/1575352/en-fr-la-mul
Note: As LEDs normally operate at 3 V d.c. it should be a SELV circuit.
Miniature indicator LEDs are normally driven from low voltage DC via a current-limiting resistor. Currents of 2 mA, 10 mA and 20 mA are common. Sub-mA indicators may be made by driving ultrabright LEDs at very low current. Efficiency tends to reduce at low currents,[4] but indicators running on 100 μA are still practical.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_circuit
radii xpert Professional LED Curing Light
:
CHARGING DOCK
Operating voltage100 – 240 V – 50 / 60 Hz
Power input12 V DC
Classification [double square symbol] Class II - double insulated
:
HANDPIECE
Wavelength emission range: Standard curing attachment: 440 nm - 480 nm
(Note: no internal voltages indicated)
:
2. The Radii Xpert contains a lithium ion rechargeable battery that does not have any memory and can be recharged at any time.
https://www.henryschein-dental.de/images/ads/inca_Uploads/10...
(Note: handpiece accumulator is charged by 12 V d.c.)
Power supply |Contactless charging via lithium-polymer battery, capacity: approx. 20 min; charging time: approx. 2 h
Operating voltage | 4.5 VDC
Power supply (batteries incl.) | 3 x LR6 AA 1.5 VDC
file:///C:/Users/Gleim/AppData/Local/Temp/Bluephase+Style+Line.pdf
Here the LED ring is shown:
NEWTRON® SLIM B.LED blue LED ring F62201
NEWTRON® SLIM B.LED white LED ring F12915
(about 10 LEDs mounted into a circular ring)
Low voltage NEWTRON® LED handpiece autoclavable | F12607
https://www.acteongroup.com/fr/uploads/catalogs/catalog.pdf
(Note: I suppose connected in parallel rather than in series)
Confirmed by:
Generally a LED chip works in voltage/current range 2-4 V 20-200 mA, its UV irradiance is directly proportional to the amount of current passing through the device. If this amount of current is too high LED chip can be seriously damaged; to balance the current flow through LED chip (and so the light emission), constant-current drivers and PWM technology are used.
https://www.silap.com/en/spm/services/tecnologia-uv-led/
Now I can propose:
Voltage faible d'anneau LED
=>
Low voltage (SELV) driven LED ring
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 2 hrs (2020-07-24 13:10:46 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
or vice-versa:
low voltage (SELV) for LED ring.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 8 hrs (2020-07-24 19:19:16 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Further information about LEDs, manufacturing and curing:
Hewlett-Packard introduced the HP Model 5082-7000 Numeric Indicator, the first LED device to use integrated circuit (integrated LED circuit) technology
:
Flashing LEDs resemble standard LEDs but they contain an integrated voltage regulator and a multivibrator circuit that causes the LED to flash with a typical period of one second.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode
Power integrated circuit (IC) chips such as the Supertex HV9910B are widely used to drive the MOSFETs directly, without the need for additional circuitry.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_circuit
An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material that is normally silicon. The integration of large numbers of tiny MOS transistors into a small chip results in circuits that are orders of magnitude smaller, faster, and less expensive than those constructed of discrete electronic components.
:
• Integrated circuits are composed of many overlapping layers, each defined by photolithography, and normally shown in different colors.
:
• The wafers are up to 300 mm in diameter (wider than a common dinner plate).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit#Manufacturi...
A superluminescent diode (SLED or SLD) is an edge-emitting semiconductor light source based on superluminescence. It combines the high power and brightness of laser diodes with the low coherence of conventional light-emitting diodes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superluminescent_diode
An 80W Chips on board (COB) LED module from an industrial light luminaire, thermally bonded to the heat sink
:
LED lamps are often made with arrays of surface mount LED modules (SMD modules) that replace incandescent or compact fluorescent lamps, mostly replacing incandescent lamps rated from 5 to 200 watts.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LED_lamp
UV curing (ultraviolet curing) is the process by which ultraviolet light is used to initiate a photochemical reaction that generates a crosslinked network of polymers.[
:
Since development of the aluminium gallium nitride LED in the early 2000's, UV LED technology has seen sustained growth in the UV curing marketplace. Generating energy most efficiently in the 365-405 nm 'UVA' wavelengths, continued technological advances have allowed for improved electrical efficiency of UV LEDs as well as significant increases in output.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UV_curing#Types_of_UV_curing_l...
All these technologies are used to produce LEDs on disks or other substrate. I assume a multilayer wafer including LEDs, resistors and conductive layer. All LEDs are connected in parallel as this provides a lot of advantages to a chain of LEDs.
1) If an individual LED fails, all other continues to work,
2) serial connection would require additional embedded resistors as with fairy lights,
3) parallel connection requires less components and are cheaper.
Note from asker:
| Dear Johannes, thank you for the abundant references you have provided. |
Peer comment(s):
| neutral |
Tony M
: As this is an internal voltage to the piece of equipment, I don't think it is really appropriate to talk of 'SELV'.
8 mins
|
|
I did not insist on SELV as most components consists of ICs and the handpiece may be potted in addition, but powered by batteries. That's why I offered it as alternate proposal. But all depends on the manufacturing.
|
Discussion
I cite IEC 60335-1: Extra-low voltage denotes a voltage supplied from a source within the appliance and, ... not exceeding 42 V between conductors and between conductors and earth .... 24 V between conductors and the neutral, ... being separated from other circuits by basic insulation only.
Similar definition for Safety extra-low voltage, except for that the no-load voltage does not exceed 50 V and 29 V respectively and that a safety isolating transformer is used if SELV is obtained from the supply mains.
Note: I wouldn't write LED with lower case letters as this is an abbreviation and no word.
I wouldn't translate "voltage faible" by "low ring voltage" either, as this looks like an open loop voltage (voltage over a ring of resistors), what is surely not the case.
And as the PSU seems to be around 25 V or so, that suggests possibly some kind of series / parallel arrangement? As ever, hugely hampered by lack of context — though I assume Asker can research similar equipment... I think UV polymerization is used in dentistry, isn't it?