Compensating The Spouse and Family of The Injured: Loss of Consortium Claims
In a personal injury or wrongful death case, the family members of the injured person -- spouse/partner, children and parents -- can file a lawsuit for their own loss.

Most states permit spouses or family members of the injured person to recover damages for loss of consortium against the defendant in a personal injury case. Loss of consortium is meant to compensate the spouse or family member of a person who has been injured or killed because of the negligence or otherwise wrongful act of the defendant. This article will explain the legal elements of a loss of consortium claim.
What is Loss of Consortium?

Loss of consortium is a claim for damages suffered by the spouse or family member of a person who has been injured or killed as a result of the defendant’s negligent or intentional, or otherwise wrongful acts.
But what are those damages exactly? The concept is that, as a result of the defendant's actions, the person who was injured or killed cannot provide his or her spouse or family member with the same love, affection, companionship, comfort, society, or sexual relations that were provided before the accident. So, the spouse or family member of the person injured has a claim against the third party for those losses.
Typically, claims for loss of consortium are not awarded unless the person injured dies or suffers a severe and enduring injury -- such as paralysis, amputation, or incontinence.
How is the Loss Calculated?

Loss of consortium is a type of harm that falls under the category of general damages. General damages are non-economic damages, meaning they are losses for which money is only a rough substitute. Other examples of general damages include:
physical pain and suffering
humiliation and embarrassment
shock and mental anguish
loss of reputation
loss of society and companionship, and
emotional distress
Typically, this type of an award is left to the discretion of the judge or jury. However, since this type of damage is difficult to quantify, you will likely have to retain an expert to provide a more precise monetary value for a loss of consortium claim.
Who Can Bring a Loss of Consortium Claim?

Spouses and Partners
Historically, only spouses could bring a claim for loss of consortium. Many states, however, have recently relaxed this requirement and permit committed partners or same-sex couples to file a lawsuit alleging loss of consortium. The rules are different in each state.
Children and Parents
Some states also permit a child or parent to file a loss of consortium claim. In such a circumstance, the child or parent would argue that his or her injured parent or child is no longer able to provide the same level of care, nurturing, and affection as he or she provided prior to the injury. In this situation, the child or parent would have to show that the parent/child relationship was irrevocably altered by the physical injury.

http://www.alllaw.com/articles/nolo/personal-injury/compensa...

Wskutek dokonanych zmian do art. 446 k.c. został dodany § 4 , który stanowi, że : „sąd może także przyznać najbliższym członkom rodziny zmarłego odpowiednią sumę tytułem zadośćuczynienia pieniężnego za doznaną krzywdę"[1]. Zadośćuczynienie jest roszczeniem o charakterze ściśle niemajątkowym mającym za zadanie kompensację doznanej krzywdy. Roszczenie to nie ma na celu wyrównywać strat poniesionych przez członków najbliższej rodziny zmarłego, lecz ma pomóc dostosować się do nowej rzeczywistości. Ma także na celu złagodzić cierpienia wywołane utratą osoby bliskiej.

https://rf.gov.pl/publikacje/artykuly-pracownikow-i-wspolpra...

TYTUŁ VI CZYNY NIEDOZWOLONE
Art. 446 kc
Art. 446. § 1. Jeżeli wskutek uszkodzenia ciała lub wywołania rozstroju zdrowia nastąpiła śmierć poszkodowanego, zobowiązany do naprawienia szkody powinien zwrócić koszty leczenia i pogrzebu temu, kto je poniósł.

§ 2. Osoba, względem której ciążył na zmarłym ustawowy obowiązek alimentacyjny, może żądać od zobowiązanego do naprawienia szkody renty obliczonej stosownie do potrzeb poszkodowanego oraz do możliwości zarobkowych i majątkowych zmarłego przez czas prawdopodobnego trwania obowiązku alimentacyjnego. Takiej samej renty mogą żądać inne osoby bliskie, którym zmarły dobrowolnie i stale dostarczał środków utrzymania, jeżeli z okoliczności wynika, że wymagają tego zasady współżycia społecznego.

§ 3. Sąd może ponadto przyznać najbliższym członkom rodziny zmarłego stosowne odszkodowanie, jeżeli wskutek jego śmierci nastąpiło znaczne pogorszenie ich sytuacji życiowej.

§ 4. Sąd może także przyznać najbliższym członkom rodziny zmarłego odpowiednią sumę tytułem zadośćuczynienia pieniężnego za doznaną krzywdę.

Art. 446[1]. Z chwilą urodzenia dziecko może żądać naprawienia szkód doznanych przed urodzeniem.

http://prawo.money.pl/kodeks/cywilny/tytul-vi-czyny-niedozwo...

utrata konsorcjum (loss of consortium /other than loss of domestic service)
http://www.lazarski.pl/fileadmin/user_upload/dokumenty/czaso...
https://books.google.pl/books?id=72VSAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA97&lpg=PA...

loss of consortium: utrata więzi małżeńskich
https://ling.pl/slownik/angielsko-polski/loss

Loss of consortium
Deprivation of the benefits of a family relationship (including affection and sexual relations) due to injuries caused by a tortfeasor. The spouse of someone injured or killed in an accident can sue for damages based on loss of consortium.
https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/loss_of_consortium

But what are those damages exactly? The concept is that, as a result of the defendant's actions, the person who was injured or killed cannot provide his or her spouse or family member with the same love, affection, companionship, comfort, society, or sexual relations that were provided before the accident. So, the spouse or family member of the person injured has a claim against the third party for those losses.

Typically, claims for loss of consortium are not awarded unless the person injured dies or suffers a severe and enduring injury -- such as paralysis, amputation, or incontinence.

Opcja 3 (może najlepsza, moja własna):
utrata korzyści z relacji małżeńskich

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Note added at 2 days17 hrs (2017-05-13 10:57:09 GMT)
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Chodzi oczywiście o szkody nieekonomiczne. Ponadto, wygląda na to, że może być to znaczenie nieco szersze ->
utrata korzyści z relacji małżeńskich/partnerskich/rodzinnych

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Note added at 2 days17 hrs (2017-05-13 11:43:02 GMT)
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link do drugiego cytatu:
Compensating The Spouse and Family of The Injured: Loss of Consortium Claims
In a personal injury or wrongful death case, the family members of the injured person -- spouse/partner, children and parents -- can file a lawsuit for their own loss.

http://www.alllaw.com/articles/nolo/personal-injury/compensa...