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Category: Search Engines (82% sure)
Score: 92% trustworthy Reports of Cases Argued and Decided in the Supreme Court ...
https://books.google.com/books?id=_5MDAAAAQAAJ
United States. Supreme Court, ‎Stephen Keyes Williams, ‎Edwin Burritt Smith - 1884 - ‎Law reports, digests, etc
... the first question which arises is, whether he had power to hypothecate the ves ... by his own act, an absolute hypothecation of the vessel as security for a loan.


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Note added at 24 mins (2015-04-07 19:57:45 GMT)
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DEFINITION of 'Hypothecation'
The established practice of a borrower pledging an asset as collateral for a loan, while retaining ownership of the assets and enjoying the benefits therefrom. With hypothecation, the lender has the right to seize the asset if the borrower cannot service the loan as stipulated by the terms in the loan agreement. Hypothecation also refers to securities in a margin account that an investor uses as collateral to borrow funds from a brokerage.

INVESTOPEDIA EXPLAINS 'Hypothecation'
Since the practice of hypothecation provides security to the lender because of the collateral pledged by the borrower, the lender generally offers the loan at a lower rate of interest than on an unsecured loan.

Mortgages and margin loans are the most common examples of hypothecation. While it enables the borrower to obtain loans on more favorable terms than unsecured loans, the borrower risks losing the asset if prices plunge precipitously and the loan cannot be serviced. For example, a record number of U.S. homeowners lost their homes to foreclosure in the wake of the 2006-08 housing collapse and financial crisis, as home prices plunged and interest rates on mortgages rose.



Read more: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/h/hypothecation.asp#ixzz3W...
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Note added at 29 mins (2015-04-07 20:02:54 GMT)
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It appears to be in use in US legalese.

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Note added at 34 mins (2015-04-07 20:07:14 GMT)
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Hypothecation means pledging an asset as collateral for a loan.
If you use a margin account to buy on margin or sell short, for example, you pledge securities (stocks, bonds, or other financial instruments) as collateral for the debt. If the brokerage firm issues a margin call that you don't meet, it can sell those securities to cover its losses.
Similarly, if you arrange a mortgage on your home, you give the lender the right to sell your home if you fail to meet your obligation to make mortgage payments.
Hypothecation may make it easier for you to secure a loan, but you do run the risk of losing the asset if for some reason you default on your obligation to repay according the terms of the agreement.
Dictionary of Financial Terms. Copyright © 2008 Lightbulb Press, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

German term (edited): unbedingte Verpfändung eines Kontos

A bank account can be:

1. assigned
2. pledged
3. mortgaged (Scots: hypothecated') or generally
4. charged by way of a conditional bill of sale etc.

I definitely think that AllegroTrans has got the right word with "deposit", but it seems to me that escrow may improve the fit further.