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Italian to English: Workshops and Artistic Exchange General field: Social Sciences Detailed field: Archaeology
Source text - Italian Le risorse naturali sono fattori determinanti e qualificanti nello sviluppo culturale di una regione o di una città. Nel caso di Caere (per recenti sintesi Maggiani, Nardi and Rizzo 2001; Bagnasco Gianni 2002; Cosentino 2008; Rizzo 2008; Colonna 2010; Camporeale 2011), una città definita dalle fonti antiche “potente, splendida , famosa” (Strab. V 2, 3 C220) e al tempo di Tarquinio Prisco addirittura “la più florida fra le città etrusche e molto popolosa”, (Dion. Hal. Ant. Rom. III 58, 1), se ne hanno echi nella tradizione storiografica: rinomato era il “bronzo ceretano” (Rian. ap. Steph. Byz. s.v. Agylla), che porta ad ammettere uno sfruttamento di miniere metallifere – esistenti nell’hinterland (Monti della Tolfa) - e un’industria metallurgica locale; redditizia era l’agricoltura, che produceva vino (Mart. XIII 124; Columella, Rust. III 3, 3) e frumento (Liv. XXVIII 45, 15), che erano anche esportati; diffuso era l’allevamento del bestiame, in particolare di ovini (Lycoph. 1241; Liv. X 4, 8-10), che davano essenzialmente lana, un prodotto ben piazzato sui mercati; proficua era la pesca in mare, se a Roma si vendeva pesce arrivato da Pyrgi, uno dei porti di Caere (Ath. VI 224c). Inoltre, la breve distanza dell’abitato dal mare (ca. km 6) e l’ubicazione geografica che ne faceva il primo grande centro etrusco che incontravano le navi mercantili che risalivano il Mare Tirreno hanno agevolato un movimento commerciale a largo raggio con tutta una serie di implicazioni positive di ordine economico e culturale. Le citazioni degli autori antichi di norma riguardano una circostanza contingente o un momento preciso, ma, riferendosi nella fattispecie a dati del suolo o del sottosuolo, possono contenere indicazioni su situazioni che vanno al di là di circostanze o momenti specifici.
Translation - English Natural resources are factors that determine and distinguish the cultural development of a region or a city. The city of Caerei was described by ancient sources as “powerful, splendid, famous”ii and at the time of Tarquinio Prisco even as “the most prosperous among the etruscan cities and densely populated”iii. Traces of this status can be found in historical texts: “bronze from Caere”iv was renowned and this warrants the assumption of mining activities in the hinterland (Monti della Tolfa)and local industrial activities related to metal work. Agriculture was successful, producing and exporting both winev and wheatvi. Livestock rearing was widespread, in particular sheepvii, from which wool was harvested and successfully sold on the local markets. Fishing must have been equally profitable, since it is known that fish from Pyrgi – one of Caere's portsviii– was sold in Rome. Moreover, the proximity of the city to the seashore (approx. 6 kilometers) and its geographical location, made Caere the fist big city encountered by the merchant ships that were sailing along the Thyrrenian coast. This enabled the expansion of long distance commerce with significant positive consequences on Caere's economic and cultural development.
The citations by ancient authors are usually tied to a contingent circumstance or a specific moment; but in this case, as they pertain to data on the soil and the subsoil, they relate information that goes beyond circumstances and specific moments.
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Master's degree - UC Berkeley
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Years of experience: 13. Registered at ProZ.com: Dec 2015.
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